Shot Type Explanations

Shot reverse shot -

A shot reverse shot (or more commonly known as a counter shot) is a editing technique typically used when a character within the frame is talking or looking at something or someone out side of the frame, the edit will then show the parallel of the other character or object, looking back at the first subject. From this the viewer will assume that the two are looking at each other.

180 degree rule -

The 180 degree rule is a cinematography guide that explains how two characters in one scene should always maintain the same left right visual relationship to each other. Doing so means that the audience won't become disorientated by the space of the scene. If the camera were to pass over this invisible axis, it becomes a reverse angle.

30 degree rule - 

The thirty degree rule is a cinematography guideline which states that the camera should move by a minimum of 30 degrees between successive shots of the same subject, failing to do so could potentially make the edit appear as a jump cut, which would confuse and disorientate the audience.

Cut in -

A cut in shot is the interruption of a continuous filmed shot by inserting a view of something else. Following this the scene would usually be followed by a cut back to the original shot. The cut in is typically only on screen for 2-3 seconds, but this can vary due to the films stylistic choices. 

Cross cutting/ Parallel editing 

Cross- cutting is an editing technique used in film to establish action that is happening at the same time, but outside of the current scene. During a cross cut away from one scene to another, this suggests that the two actions are happening at the same time, just in different spaces. 

Establishing shot 

An establishing shot is a shot that typically sets the location, time, and setting of a scene by showing important figures and objects. It is generally a long or extreme long shot at the beginning of a scene and gives more weight to a scene of films atmosphere. 

Match on action 

Match on action is a film editing choice where the film cuts from one shot to another view of the first shots action. 

Kuleshov effect 

The Kuleshov effect is a mental effect originally demonstrated by Lev Kuleshov, he explains how viewers derive different emotional responses from two sequential shots rather than a single shot in isolation.